Diagnosis and conservative treatment of disease of the central nervous system (CNS) of unknown etiology in HELIOS University Hospital Wuppertal

About the department

The Department of Neurology and Epileptology at the HELIOS University Hospital Wuppertal provides the full range of medical services to patients suffering from diseases of the nervous system, including epilepsy. The department has a Stroke Unit certified by the German Stroke Society (DSG), which annually provides medical care to about 1,000 stroke patients. The department's medical team also specializes in the treatment of neuromuscular diseases, dementia, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, dizziness, chronic headaches and diseases of the peripheral nervous system. Patients with neuro-ophthalmic pathologies are admitted in cooperation with ophthalmologists. The department is equipped with advanced diagnostic rooms for a comprehensive examination of the nervous system – they have modern systems for electroencephalography, recording of evoked potentials, electromyography, neurography, Doppler sonography and other diagnostic tests. The treatment is based on pharmacotherapy. The department's doctors have long clinical experience, and therefore they successfully select the optimal treatment regimen that allows the patient to recover as much as possible. The department is headed by Prof. Dr. med. Juraj Kukolja.

The department often admits patients with multiple sclerosis, which is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the brain and spinal cord. Unfortunately, as of today, the pathology remains incurable, but the department's neurologists have in their arsenal effective treatment regimens that help to achieve stable remission. Without timely treatment, multiple sclerosis can lead to irreversible changes: sensory disorders, vision loss, impaired coordination, and even disability. Since pathology often affects young people, its effective treatment plays an extremely important role in providing the patient with a decent quality of life. The treatment regimen for multiple sclerosis is based on taking medications that correct the immune system. Doctors also often prescribe physiotherapy, therapeutic exercises and massage therapy.

The treatment of Parkinson's disease also occupies an important place in the clinical practice of the medical facility. The main manifestation of a neurological disorder is movement disorders: mobility limitation, limb tremor, involuntary movements of the limbs at rest. In addition, Parkinson's disease causes mental disorders, in particular, a decline in mental abilities. The pathology is progressive. There are no therapeutic methods that could completely relieve the patient of the disease, so the goal of treatment is to alleviate symptoms, improve the patient's overall health and slow the disease progression. To confirm the diagnosis, the department's specialists use such examinations as ultrasound, MRI, neurophysiological tests and DaTSCAN brain scintigraphy. The therapeutic protocol usually includes the use of individually selected medicines, as well as physiotherapy, speech therapy, and occupational therapy.

A special offer of the medical facility is care for patients with neuro-ophthalmic diseases. In collaboration with ophthalmologists, neurologists provide treatment to patients with impaired visual acuity, visual field defects, double vision, oculomotor nerve palsy, nystagmus, etc. To determine the cause of visual impairment and confirm its neurological origin, the department carries out electrophysiological tests, eye movement diagnostics using video-oculography, MRI and CT scans. With the diagnostic results, the specialists plan further treatment.

The team of the department's neurologists also deals with the treatment of epilepsy. The first condition that determines the treatment success is high-quality comprehensive diagnostics. First of all, the attending physician examines the patient's medical history, carries out a clinical examination, after which an electroencephalography is performed to assess the brain electrical activity. Should the diagnosis be confirmed, the attending physician will select the optimal anticonvulsant drug (the intake of several medications at the same time is rarely recommended). The treatment is quite long, and it usually takes 3-5 years or more for the complete disappearance of epileptic seizures. In especially complex clinical cases, brain surgery is recommended, which is performed by neurosurgeons.

The department specializes in the diagnostics and treatment of the following neurological pathologies:

• Stroke
• Epilepsy
• Multiple sclerosis
• Parkinson's disease
• Dementia
• Chronic headaches
• Dizziness
• Neuromuscular diseases
• Neuro-ophthalmic diseases
• Polyneuropathy (pathologies of the peripheral nervous system)
• Other neurological disorders

The department's range of medical services includes:

• Diagnostics
  • Neurophysiological tests
    • Electroencephalography (EEG)
    • Recording of evoked potentials
    • Neurography
    • Electromyography (EMG)
    • Assessment of the state of the autonomic nervous system, including orthostatic test
    • Video-oculography
  • Imaging tests
    • Doppler ultrasonography
    • Ultrasound scanning
    • CT scanning
    • Magnetic resonance imaging
  • Laboratory tests
• Treatment
  • Lysis therapy and thrombectomy for stroke treatment
  • Pharmacotherapy
  • Auxiliary therapeutic methods: physiotherapy procedures, therapeutic exercises, massage therapy, occupational therapy and other types of therapy
• Other diagnostic and therapeutic options