Congenital and Acquired Heart Defects Diagnosis in Brothers of Mercy Hospital Munich

About the department

The Department of Cardiology and Pulmonology at the Brothers of Mercy Hospital Munich offers the full range of services in these fields and specializes in treating patients with cardiovascular diseases, lung and respiratory tract pathologies. The department has all modern diagnostic options for early detection of pathologies, accurate diagnostics and risk assessment for heart, blood vessel and lung diseases. In addition, the department has an advanced Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory, which performs minimally invasive procedures such as balloon dilatation, catheter-based procedures, stent implantation and recanalization for chronic coronary artery occlusions. A Chest Pain Unit is certified by the German Cardiac Society and operates around the clock. In the field of pulmonology, both drug therapy and highly effective endoscopic procedures are carried out. The department's doctors ensure that the patient receives the best treatment in comfortable conditions and in a friendly environment. The Head Physician of the department is Prof. Dr. med. Roland Schmidt.

Diagnostics and treatment of cardiovascular pathologies are the primary focus of the department's clinical practice. The department's experienced doctors treat pathologies of the coronary arteries, heart muscle, pericardium, heart valves and heart rhythm disturbances (arrhythmias). The specialists also provide care to patients with arterial hypertension that affects the functioning of the heart. The medical facility has all modern tests for assessing the state of the heart. These include electrocardiography, echocardiography, right and left heart catheterization, 24-hour Holter monitoring, electrophysiological studies, etc.

Heart failure is one of the most common heart diseases and is also often fatal. The diagnosis can be confirmed with cardiac ultrasound, transesophageal echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. The primary treatment method is drug therapy. The treatment regimen may include ablation or stent implantation in the case of heart failure caused by heart valve or coronary artery pathologies. Cardiologists often recommend cardiac resynchronization therapy to treat patients with severe heart failure.

Patients often visit the department with pathologies of the heart valves: mitral, aortic, pulmonary and tricuspid. The most common heart valve defects are stenosis and insufficiency. The diagnostic stage includes transthoracic and/or transesophageal echocardiography and cardiac catheterization. In many cases, doctors use only drug therapy. In complex cases, they perform catheter-based procedures such as mitral valve repair with clipping, transcatheter aortic valve replacement, and others.

The specialists of the medical facility successfully cope with inflammatory heart diseases: endocarditis, myocarditis and pericarditis. A patient undergoes echocardiography, including transesophageal one, CT, MRI and blood tests during the diagnostic examination. Antibiotic therapy, anti-inflammatory drugs and other medications are used for the treatment. With heart valves damaged, catheter-based procedures or surgery may be required.

As for pulmonology, the department specializes in treating lung, pleural and respiratory tract diseases. Particular attention is paid to treating patients with bronchial asthma, bronchitis, pneumonia, pulmonary hypertension, pneumothorax, pulmonary embolism, interstitial lung disease and other pathologies. Pulmonary function tests, spiroergometry, and endoscopic examinations are used during the diagnostics for respiratory organs.

An important focus of work of the department's pulmonologists is medical care for patients with bronchial asthma, in which chronic bronchial obstruction occurs. The department's doctors carry out clinical examinations and perform X-rays and/or CT scans to make an accurate diagnosis. Since the main manifestation of bronchial asthma is shortness of breath, the therapy aims to eliminate this symptom as much as possible. During the treatment, the specialists use drug infusions, inhalations and physiotherapy. In severe cases, non-invasive ventilation through a mask or intubation for invasive ventilation may be required. The last-line therapy is temporary lung replacement therapy.

Despite the achievements of modern medicine in pulmonology, pneumonia (lung inflammation) is still one of the most common and dangerous diseases. A clinical examination, X-ray scans, and blood tests are usually sufficient to make a diagnosis. In some cases, a CT scan may also be required. The key treatment for pneumonia is antibiotic therapy, which is most commonly provided with injections or intravenous infusions. Patients with pneumonia are also indicated for oxygen therapy, therapeutic exercises, and pain management. In severe cases, non-invasive or invasive ventilation is performed in the Intensive Care Unit. If the methods mentioned above are ineffective, the department's specialists resort to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

The department specializes in the diagnostics and treatment of the following diseases:

• Cardiology
  • Arterial hypertension
  • Inflammatory diseases of the myocardium, pericardium and endocardium
  • Carotid artery stenosis
  • Myocardial infarction
  • Coronary heart disease
  • Heart rhythm disturbances (arrhythmias)
  • Heart valve pathologies: stenosis and insufficiency
  • Heart failure
• Pulmonology
  • Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • Bronchitis
  • Respiratory muscle diseases
  • Pneumonia (lung inflammation)
  • Pulmonary hypertension
  • Collapsed lung (pneumothorax)
  • Interstitial lung disease
  • Lung and pleural cancer
  • Pulmonary embolism
  • Pleurisy (pleural inflammation)
  • Sleep-related breathing disorders (for example, obstructive sleep apnea)
• Other heart and lung diseases

The department's diagnostic and therapeutic range includes:

• Cardiology
  • Diagnostics
    • Electrocardiography
    • Cardiac ultrasound diagnostics
      • Classic echocardiography
      • Transthoracic echocardiography
      • Transesophageal echocardiography
      • Stress echocardiography
    • Long-term cardiac tests
      • 24-hour blood pressure monitoring
      • Holter monitoring (24- and 48-hour)
    • Exercise stress tests
      • Ergometry
      • Spiroergometry
    • Catheter-based techniques
      • Coronary angiography
      • Right and left heart catheterization
      • Cardiac conduction assessment
      • Electrophysiological diagnostics of heart arrhythmias
  • Treatment
    • Drug therapy
    • Catheter-based techniques
      • Balloon dilatation (percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty) and stent implantation
      • Recanalization for chronic coronary total occlusion, rotablation
      • Implantation of cardiac support systems: implantation of pacemakers, defibrillators, including monitoring of their work, and cardiac resynchronization therapy
      • Mitral valve repair with clipping
      • Transcatheter aortic valve implantation
• Pulmonology
  • Diagnostics
    • Endoscopic examinations
      • Bronchoscopy
      • Bronchoalveolar lavage
      • Various forms of biopsy, including transbronchial biopsy
    • Pulmonary function tests
      • Spirometry
      • Spiroergometry
      • Whole-body plethysmography with bronchodilators or challenge testing
      • Lung diffusion capacity assessment
    • Pleura and lung ultrasound scans
    • Chest X-ray scans
    • Chest CT scans
    • Obstructive sleep apnea screening
  • Treatment
    • Drug therapy
    • Endoscopic techniques
      • Bronchoscopy
      • Bronchoalveolar lavage
      • Hemostasis and sclerotherapy using argon projector
    • Pleural and lung punctures
    • Pleural drainage
    • Artificial ventilation
      • Non-invasive ventilation
      • Invasive ventilation
      • Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
• Other diagnostic and therapeutic services