Fibromyalgia is a syndrome that affects the muscles and skeleton. Pain signals are sent to the brain in the absence of any injury, making it difficult to diagnose and assess. As a result, the emotional state of the sufferer can also be affected, causing mood swings, depression and fatigue.
Although fibromyalgia is believed to be caused by previous physical trauma or great emotional stress, there have been cases where the onset of symptoms could not be attributed to any apparent conditions. In this case, fibromyalgia could be attributed to a genetic predisposition caused by certain genetic mutations, which disorganize the muscle signals that are sent to the brain. There is also a theory stating that fibromyalgia can be caused by low levels of serotonin in the brain. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that regulates pain threshold in the body. If there are low levels of serotonin in the body, sensitivity to pain is increased.
Fibromyalgia mostly affects women and is usually accompanied by headaches and general irritation. Men tend to produce much higher levels of serotonin and do not suffer from as many hormonal and biochemical changes as women do. This could perhaps explain why only 10% of all cases of this disease are attributed to men. According to WebMD, almost 12 million people are affected by this disease in the USA alone.
Authors: Dr. Nadezhda Ivanisova, Dr. Sergey Pashchenko
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